率更令，一人。主宫殿门户及赏罚事，职如光禄勋、卫尉。汉东京掌庶子、舍人，晋世则不也。自汉至晋，家令在率更下。宋则居上。
仆，一人。汉世太子五日一朝，非入朝日，遣仆及中允旦入请问起居，主车马、亲族，职如太仆、宗正。自家令至仆，为太子三卿。三卿，秩千石。
门大夫，二人。汉东京置，职如中郎将，分掌远近表笺。秩六百石。
中庶子，四人。职如侍中。汉东京员五人，晋减为四人。秩六百石。
中舍人，四人。汉东京太子官属有中允之职，在中庶子下，洗马上，疑若今中书舍人矣。中舍人，晋初置，职如黄门侍郎。食官令，一人。职如太官令。汉东京官也。今属中庶子。
庶子，四人。职比散骑常侍、中书监令。晋制也。汉西京员五人，汉东京无员，职如三署中郎。古者诸侯世子，有庶子之官，秦因其名也。秩四百石。
翻译如下：
宋书·卷四十志第三十百官下
Leader of the Rate, one person. In charge of the palace gates and doors and rewards and punishments, similar in responsibilities to the Minister of Lightness and Weight and the Minister of Arms. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, they managed the Prince’s Administrator and the Prince’s Secretary. During the Jin Period, this was not the case. From the Eastern Han to the Jin Dynasty, the Director was below the Prince’s Administrator.
Master, one person. During the Han Dynasty, the Crown Prince had a five-day visit every five days; on that day, if it was not a formal meeting, the Master or Assistant Grandmaster would enter to ask for the Crown Prince’s well-being, in charge of his carriages and relatives, similar to the Ministry of Horse and Chariot and the Prince’s Administrator of Relatives. From the Master to the Assistant Grandmaster, they were the three officials of the Crown Prince. The Three Offices, four officials. Similar to the duties of the Central Attendant and the Minister of the Palace.
Minister of Household, one person. During the Han Dynasty, the Crown Prince had a five-day visit every five days; on that day, if it was not a formal meeting, the Minister of Household would enter to ask for the Crown Prince’s well-being, in charge of his carriages and relatives, similar to the Minister of Horse and Chariot and the Prince’s Administrator of Relatives. From the Minister of Household to the Minister of Household of the Crown Prince, they were the four officials of the Crown Prince.
Crown Prince Administrator, four people. Their duties were similar to those of the scattered counsellors and the Prince’s Administrator of the Left and Right Palaces. During the Western Han Dynasty, there were five people; during the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was no personnel; their duties were similar to the three offices of the Prince’s Administrator. In ancient times, the princes of feudal states had a Crown Prince Administrator, named after them; during the Qin Dynasty, they used their name. They were ranked at forty stones.
分析如下：
- 官职名称与职责：
- 率更令：主管宫殿门户及相关奖惩事务，职责类似于光禄勋及卫尉。从汉代至晋代，其地位在太子三卿之下。
- 仆：负责太子的车辆、亲族等事宜，职位和职责类似于太仆或宗正。自汉至仆位，为太子设置的三卿之一。三卿秩为千石。
- 门大夫：汉代设置，职责类似于中郎将，负责管理远近表笺事务，秩禄为六百石。
- 中庶子：四人，负责如侍中般的职务，在中舍人之下，掌管马匹及车马事务，秩禄为六百石。
- 中舍人：四人，职责类似于黄门侍郎。
- 食官令：一人，职责类似于太官令，负责宫中膳食事务。
- 庶子：四人，职责比散骑常侍和中书监令更为宽松，职级为四百石。
- 官职历史演变：
- 从汉代至三国魏明帝时期，有左、右、前、后四军，而晋武帝初年设置了前军、右军，泰始八年后增设了后军。
- 晋西朝共设有吏曹、课第曹、直事曹、印曹、中都督曹、外都督曹、媒曹、符节曹、水曹、中旂曹、营军曹、算曹、法曹共十三个曹。
- 晋朝后期省去了课第曹并设立了库曹，掌厩牧牛马市租。
- 宋太祖元嘉中年省去了外左库，内左库直称为左库。世祖大明中年又恢复设立。废帝景和元年年再次省去。
- 官员级别与职能：
- 家令：主宫殿门扉及赏罚事务，职责与光禄勋、卫尉类似。
- 率更令：主管宫殿门户及赏罚事项。
- 仆：负责太子的车辆以及亲族事宜，类似于太仆或者宗正。
- 门大夫：负责管理远近表笺事务，相当于中郎将的职责范围，但具体职责略有差异。
- 中庶子：四名，主要负责太子的礼仪事宜。
- 中舍人：四人，职责与黄门侍郎相似，但在太子官属中地位略高。
- 职务等级与职责：
- 食官令：一人，负责宫中膳食事务，类似于太官令。
- 庶子：四人，职位和职责比散骑常侍和中书监令宽松。
- 官职的历史沿革：
- 从汉武帝时期的游击将军到魏明帝时期的左、右、前、后军，再到晋武帝时期的四军，反映了军队编制的变化。
- 从汉代的五曹制到晋代的十二曹制，再到宋代的十三曹制，反映出行政机构的逐渐复杂化。
《宋书》中详细记录了古代官职的名称和职能，展示了中国古代官僚体系的发展脉络，包括官职名称、职责范围及其历史沿革，对研究中国古代政治制度具有重要参考价值。