分张天下付群雄,回首咸阳卷地空。
六国三秦随扰攘,锦衣何暇到江东。
诗句释义与分析
第一首:
分张天下付群雄,回首咸阳卷地空。
- “分张天下”:意指将整个国家或世界交给了那些英雄豪杰。在这里,项羽被描绘为一位能够决断大事、引领时代变革的人物。
- “回首咸阳卷地空”:描述的是项羽回到咸阳(古都名,今陕西省咸阳市),看到曾经繁华的城池如今已是废墟一片,一切都已化为虚无。这里强调的是项羽对过去成就的怀念和对现状的感慨。
第二首:
六国三秦随扰攘,锦衣何暇到江东。
- “六国三秦”:“六国”指的是历史上曾存在过的六个国家,如战国时期的齐、楚、燕、韩、赵、魏等;“三秦”则是指秦国的三个分支,即东秦、西秦和北秦。此句可能是在表达项羽对这六个国家及其领土的征战和统治。
- “随扰攘”:表示随着这些国家或地区的政治动荡、战争频发而卷入其中。
- “锦衣何暇到江东”:通过使用“锦衣”(华丽服饰)这一形象的比喻,诗人表达了即使是像项羽这样的英雄豪杰,在经历了无数征战后,也无暇顾及自己的江东故乡,即今天的江苏南京一带。这里的“江东”特指项羽的出生地或故乡。
翻译
题项羽庙三首
- Whose command over the world was divided between heroes and generals,
- When returning to Xianyang (present-day Xi’an city), he found all that was once prosperous now nothing.
- This emphasizes his regret about his past achievements and his reflection on the present.
- The six states and the three territories were in turmoil and chaotic,
- With all these wars and turmoil, it’s hard for him to spare time for his hometown Jiangdong, which is his birthplace.
- The use of “spare time” suggests that even a hero like Zhuge Liang could not afford to return to his homeland after many battles.
赏析
《题项羽庙三首》是唐代诗人李商隐借赞颂项羽来抒发其个人情感的作品。通过对比项羽的英勇事迹和他的悲剧命运,诗人表达了对英雄人物功过参半的复杂情感。诗中运用了生动的历史典故和鲜明的意象,如“咸阳卷地空”、“锦衣何暇到江东”,不仅增加了诗歌的艺术感染力,同时也让读者对历史人物有更深刻的认识。此外,这首诗也反映了诗人对历史变迁和个人命运无常的深刻感慨,以及对英雄悲剧的哀怜之情。