游子朱门儿,行乐畏不足。
遐方寒苦士,自赞乞随逐。
朝驰锦鞯末,夕宴凤屏曲。
雄豪弃残剩,声色化耳目。
来时布素衣,羞耻见罗縠。
几许膏粱味,嗜好讳水菽。
劳劳车马尘,苒苒岁月速。
家书懒拆封,旧业废编牍。
间尝梦故国,惊觉如被辱。
安知惬快馀,穷愁入皮肉。
趋承偶逾节,况味稍𨃪局。
长年倚恩辉,积渐致轻渎。
因逢故人语,始叹误程躅。
都城名利场,岂不多所欲。
从前入关客,无虑共贫毒。
商廛聚珍赀,科举仰廪禄。
神乎夺我魄,而独迷所属。
何人不谋身,计虑自不淑。
寄声风尘子,哀恨吾已酷。
当知帝里游,有祸亦有福。
游子篇
注释与赏析:这首诗通过对比的方式,揭示了人生在世的复杂性和矛盾性。诗人通过游子的视角,展现了游子的欢乐与痛苦,以及他对家乡的思念与向往。
诗句与译文
- “游子朱门儿,行乐畏不足。
- 解释: 游子居住在富贵之家,却仍感到不满足,追求更多的享乐。
- 译文: The traveler resides in the grand courtyard, yet still seeks more joy amidst his leisure.
- “遐方寒苦士,自赞乞随逐。
- 解释: 身处远方寒冷艰苦之地的人,自我赞美并希望追随别人享受荣华。
- 译文: Travelers living far and cold, self-praise for following others’ pleasures.
- “朝驰锦鞯末,夕宴凤屏曲。
- 解释: 早晨骑马疾驰,晚上宴会在华丽的屏风下歌舞。
- 译文: In the morning rides through splendid silk saddles, in the evening feasts by the exquisite screen.
- “雄豪弃残剩,声色化耳目。
- 解释: 英雄豪杰抛弃旧日的荣耀,沉迷于声色之中。
- 译文: Heroes abandon the remnants of their glory, becoming enraptured by sound and color.
- “来时布素衣,羞耻见罗縠。
- 解释: 回来时穿着朴素的衣服,因为穿着华丽的衣服而感到羞耻。
- 译文: When returning, he wears simple clothing, embarrassed by the sight of luxurious garments.
- “几许膏粱味,嗜好讳水菽。
- 解释: 多少享受着美食的滋味,但对于食物有特别的喜爱,甚至避免吃水生植物如水豆腐。
- 译文: What few taste buds enjoy the rich flavors, but there’s a special fondness for avoidance of water-borne foods like water tofu.
- “劳劳车马尘,苒苒岁月速。
- 解释: 忙碌中奔波于车马之间,时间迅速流逝。
- 译文: Busy with the dust from carriages and horses, time flies by quickly.
- “家书懒拆封,旧业废编牍。
- 解释: 对于家书懒得拆开阅读,对于旧业也失去了兴趣去处理。
- 译文: I’m reluctant to open letters home, the old career has lost its interest to manage.
- “间尝梦故国,惊觉如被辱。
- 解释: 偶尔会梦见故乡,醒来时觉得如同遭受羞辱。
- 译文: Occasionally dreams of my homeland bring me to wakefulness, as if I’ve been insulted.
- “安知惬快馀,穷愁入皮肉。
- 解释: 哪里知道真正的满足和快乐?贫穷和忧愁深深地侵蚀了身体。
- 译文: Who knows whether true contentment or happiness? Poverty and sorrow deeply injure the body.
- “趋承偶逾节,况味稍𨃪局。
- 解释: 追逐名利有时超越了本分的界限,品味也渐渐变得狭隘。
- 译文: Pursuing wealth and status sometimes surpasses one’s bounds, and taste evolves into narrower perceptions.
- “长年倚恩辉,积渐致轻渎。
- 解释: 长期依赖他人的恩惠和光辉,逐渐地变得轻浮和不尊重他人。
- 译文: For extended periods, relying on the glow of others’ favor, one gradually becomes impolite and disrespectful.
- “因逢故人语,始叹误程躅。
- 解释: 遇到老朋友交谈之后,才感叹自己当初的选择错误。
- 译文: After meeting old friends, I lamented having made a wrong turn.
- “都城名利场,岂不多所欲。
- 解释: 都城是一个名利场,诱惑着人们的欲望。
- 译文: The metropolitan is a place filled with fame and fortune, tempting all sorts of desires.
- “从前入关客,无虑共贫毒。
- 解释: 以前作为客人进入关隘时,并没有顾虑地一起经历了贫困和困苦。
- 译文: As we entered the pass in our former days as guests, we were not concerned but together experienced hardships.
- “商廛聚珍赀,科举仰廪禄。
- 解释: 商人聚集了大量的财富,而科举制度使得读书人也依赖国家的俸禄生活。
- 译文: Merchants gather treasures, and candidates rely on government stipends.
- “神乎夺我魄,而独迷所属。
- 解释: 某些事物或现象令人震撼到极点,但最终却迷失在自己的喜好上。
- 译文: Something takes my soul captive; yet, I am beguiled by my own preferences alone.
- “何人不谋身,计虑自不淑。
- 解释: 无论什么人都会考虑自己的事情,但如果思考方式出了问题,就会显得不恰当。
- 译文: No one does not think about their own interests; however, if your calculations are improper, it appears unfitting.
- “寄声风尘子,哀恨吾已酷。
- 解释: 我寄予你的是声音和情感,表达我的悲哀和愤懑已经深重。
- 译文: Share my voice and emotions with you—I am already profoundly saddened and resentful.
- “当知帝里游,有祸亦有福。
- 解释: 应当认识到在帝都中的游玩,既有灾难也有福祉。
- 译文: You should understand that traveling in the imperial city brings both misfortune and fortune.