龙泉多大山,其西南一百馀里,诸山尤深,有四旁奋起而中窊下者,状类箕筐,人因号之为匡山。山多髯松,弥望入青云,新翠照人如濯。松上薜萝,纷纷披披,横敷数十寻,嫩绿可咽。松根茯苓,其大如斗,杂以黄精、前胡及牡鞠之苗,采之可茹。
吾友章君三益乐之,新结庵庐其间。庵之西南若干步有深渊二,蛟龙潜于其中,云英英腾上,顷刻覆山谷,其色正白,若大海茫无津涯,大风东来辄飘去,君复为构“烟云万顷亭”。庵之东北又若干步,山益高,峰峦益峭刻,气势欲连霄汉,南望闽中数百里,嘉树帖帖地上如荠,君复为构“唯天在上亭”。庵之东南又若干步,林樾苍润空翠,沉沉扑人,阴飔一动,虽当烈火流金之候,使人翛翛有挟纩意,君复为构“清高亭”;庵之正南又若干步,地明迥爽洁,东西北诸峰,皆竞秀献状,令人爱玩忘倦,兼可琴、可奕,可挈尊罍而饮,无不宜者,君复为构“环中亭”。
这首诗名为《看松庵记》,由宋代诗人林升所作。以下是逐句的解释:
- 龙泉多大山,其西南一百馀里,诸山尤深,有四旁奋起而中窊下者,状类箕筐,人因号之为匡山。
- 龙泉拥有大山,它的西南面有一百余里,周围的山更加深邃。其中有四边高耸而起,中间低矮的山峰,形状类似箕筐,因此人们称它为匡山。
- 山多髯松,弥望入青云,新翠照人如濯。
- 山上有很多长着胡须的松树,放眼望去,它们仿佛进入了青云之中。新鲜的绿叶映照着人的脸庞,就像洗涤一样明亮。
- 松下薜萝,纷纷披披,横敷数十寻,嫩绿可咽。
- 松树上覆盖着薜萝,它们纷纷垂挂下来,纵横分布几十丈,新鲜的绿色让人忍不住想要吞咽。
- 松根茯苓,其大如斗,杂以黄精、前胡及牡鞠之苗,采之可茹。
- 松树根部生长着茯苓,它的大小可以和一斗相比,同时还生长着黄精、前胡以及牡鞠的幼苗。采集这些植物可以用来食用。
接下来是诗句翻译:
- The great mountain in the Longquan area, its southwest is over a hundred miles away, surrounded by even deeper mountains. There are four sides of the mountains that rise up, resembling a bowl shape, so they were renamed to the Guan Mountain after that.
- The mountains are covered with bearded pines, stretching out into the clear blue sky. The fresh green leaves reflect on people as if washing them clean.
- The pines are covered with ivy leaves. They spread over dozens of spans and the fresh green is too much to swallow.
- The root of the pines produces poria, which is the size of a bowl. They also grow together with acorus, gentian, and the shoots of the gourd plant, which can be harvested for consumption.
赏析:
这首诗描述了作者所见到的匡山美景。首句“龙泉多大山”,描绘了匡山的雄伟景象;接下来的四句分别描绘了山林中的松树、藓草、茯苓和各种植物,展示了大自然的生机与美丽。整首诗语言简练,意境深远,通过描绘自然景物,表达了作者对大自然的赞美之情。